9th Annual Defence and Security Dialogue between India & China

The 9th Annual Defence and Security Dialogue between India and China was held in Beijing.

It was held between the two defence delegations headed by Defence Secretary Sanjay Mitra and China's Deputy Chief of Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission.
Mitra was accompanied by senior officials of Ministry of Defence and Indian Army, Navy and Air Force.
The defence dialogue was also held ahead of the 21st round of border talks between the special representatives of the two countries in Chinese city of Dujiangyan on November 23-24, 2018.
National security advisor (NSA) Ajit Doval and Chinese State Councillor and Foreign minister Wang Yi are designated special representatives for the border talks.

One must know:

The 9th Annual Defence and Security Dialogue was held after a one-year gap due to the Doklam standoff.
It had not taken place last year following the 73-day tense standoff between the Indian and Chinese militaries at Doklam.
The standoff was triggered by Chinese PLA's plan to build road close strategically narrow 'Chicken’s Neck' corridor (or Siliguri corridor) connecting India's northeastern states in an area also claimed by Bhutan besides China.
It ended after Chinese troops stopped road construction after which both countries stepped up efforts to normalise relations leading to the informal summit between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Xi Jinping at Wuhan in April 2018.

Both sides agreed to enhance exchanges and interactions through reciprocal high-level visits between the two Ministries of Defence as well as between military commands, joint training exercises and mutual visits by defence personnel including mid-level and cadet officers were also agreed upon.
They also reiterated the importance of maintaining peace and tranquillity in border areas, implementing (Wuhan) consensus reached between PM Narendra Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping and specific additional confidence-building measures at the operational level.
They underlined importance of this dialogue as an important mechanism between the two countries for consultations on defence and security matters.
They emphasised need to further strengthen military-to-military ties in order to strengthen political and strategic mutual trust between the two countries.
Both sides also had an exchange of views on regional and global issues.
Both sides agreed to hold the next round of the dialogue at a mutually convenient time in India in 2019.

Q. Where was the 9th Annual Defence and Security Dialogue between India and China held?
a. New Delhi
b. Beijing
c. Seoul
d. Shanghai