- On 27 Oct 2025, Union Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan announced the inclusion of Ramanathapuram, Sivaganga, Thoothukudi, and Virudhunagar districts of Tamil Nadu under the PMDDKY scheme. The scheme, launched on 11 Oct 2025 with a ₹24,000 crore budget, integrates 36 agricultural schemes. It aims to boost productivity, promote natural farming, and enhance farmer income.
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- The Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, launched the Mission for Advancement in High‑Impact Areas – Medical Technology (MAHA MedTech Mission) on 25 October 2025. The initiative aims to accelerate indigenous MedTech innovation, reduce import dependence, and ensure affordable healthcare access.
- Chhath Puja 2025 is celebrated from 25–28 October 2025. Devotees worship Lord Surya (Sun God) and Chhathi Maiya with strict fasting and rituals. The main day (Sandhya Arghya) falls on 27 October, when offerings are made to the setting sun. The festival concludes on 28 October with Usha Arghya to the rising sun, followed by Parana.
- Reliance Industries and Meta Platforms have jointly invested ₹855 crore to form a new AI joint venture called Reliance Enterprise Intelligence Limited (REIL), announced on 25 October 2025. Reliance holds a 70% stake, while Meta’s subsidiary Facebook Overseas owns 30%, with the venture focused on building enterprise AI solutions in India and select global markets.
- On 25 Oct 2025, the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), in collaboration with ICMR and the Gates Foundation, launched the MAHA MedTech Mission. It aims to boost indigenous medical technology innovation and reduce import dependence. The mission will fund projects with ₹5–25 crore (up to ₹50 crore) support.
- On 27 Oct 2025, the government approved 7 projects worth ₹5,532 crore under the Electronics Components Manufacturing Scheme (ECMS). These projects will produce critical components like PCBs, camera modules, and laminates, with an output value of ~₹36,500–44,400 crore. They are expected to create 5,000+ jobs and save ₹18,000–20,000 crore in imports annually.
- On 25 October 2025, 72 nations signed the UN Convention against Cybercrime in Hanoi, Vietnam, the first global treaty to fight online crimes like hacking and ransomware. Adopted in December 2024, it will take effect after 40 ratifications. India abstained, citing privacy concerns.
- On October 25, 2025, the IMF released its World Economic Outlook, projecting India’s GDP growth at 6.6% in FY2025-26. This makes India the fastest-growing major economy, ahead of China’s projected 4.8% growth. The revision reflects robust domestic demand, reforms, and strong Q1 FY26 growth of 7.8%. Global growth is expected to slow to 3.2% in 2025, highlighting India’s resilience.
- On October 28, 2025, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released data showing India’s Index of Industrial Production (IIP) grew 4.0% in September 2025, unchanged from August. Growth was led by Manufacturing (+4.8%), while Electricity (+3.1%) rose moderately and Mining (–0.4%) contracted. The Quick Estimate of IIP stood at 152.8 vs. 146.9 in September 2024.
- On 27 Oct 2025 in Chennai, Ramco Systems and The ePlane Company signed an MoU. The aim is to advance India’s electric air taxi ecosystem using the e200X eVTOL aircraft. Ramco will provide its aviation software for lifecycle management of air taxi, ambulance, and cargo fleets. The partnership supports urban air mobility and green aviation goals, positioning India as a leader in e‑aviation.
- On 27 October 2025, the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) and the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT‑M) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in New Delhi to strengthen educational research, innovation, and technology integration in line with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.
- ISRO has rolled out its heaviest rocket, the LVM3, to the launch pad at Sriharikota on 26 October 2025 for its upcoming mission on 2 November 2025, which will place the 4,400 kg CMS‑03 communication satellite (also known as GSAT‑7R) into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit.
- The Yonex French Open 2025 was held in France from 21–26 Oct 2025 as a BWF Super 750 event. Anders Antonsen (Denmark) won the men’s singles, while An Se‑young (South Korea) claimed the women’s singles crown. Kim Won‑ho & Seo Seung‑jae (Korea) took men’s doubles, and Yuki Fukushima & Mayu Matsumoto (Japan) won women’s doubles. In mixed doubles, Feng Yan Zhe & Huang Dong Ping (China) emerged champions.
- On 25 Oct 2025, India beat Argentina 10–9 to win the KogniVera International Polo Cup at the Jaipur Polo Ground, New Delhi. The Indian team, led by Simran Singh Shergill and featuring Sawai Padmanabh Singh, staged a thrilling comeback. The victory marked India’s first high‑goal international polo triumph in nearly a decade.
- The 2nd Naval Commanders’ Conference 2025 was held in New Delhi from 22–24 Oct 2025. It was organised by the Indian Navy. It focused on operational preparedness, maritime security, Tri-Service integration, and self-reliance. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and CDS Gen. The conference also saw the launch of the NIPUN portal and reaffirmed the Navy’s vision of being a Combat Ready, Credible, Cohesive, and Future-Ready Force.
- On 21 October 2025, Russia successfully tested the 9M730 Burevestnik nuclear-powered cruise missile, also known by NATO as SSC-X-9 Skyfall. The missile reportedly flew 14,000 km in 15 hours, showcasing its near-unlimited range. Powered by a nuclear propulsion system, it is designed to evade existing and future missile defense systems.
- On 25 Oct 2025, the Odisha Government approved the ₹14,182 crore B-MAAN scheme to boost the aviation sector. It aims to make Odisha an aviation hub of eastern India under the vision “Aviation for All”. The scheme covers infrastructure, connectivity, MRO, cargo, and emerging technologies. It is expected to attract investment, create jobs, and strengthen regional connectivity.
- Dyslexia Awareness Month 2025 is observed from Oct 1–31 to spread awareness about learning differences. In India, initiatives include ORKIDS workshops, the Walk for Dyslexia 2025, and the launch of the PRASHAST 2.0 app. Monuments were lit in red under the Go Red for Dyslexia campaign. Globally, the focus is on early identification, inclusion, and teacher training.
- The World Day for Audiovisual Heritage is observed annually on October 27. It was established by UNESCO in 2005 to raise awareness about the significance and preservation risks of audiovisual materials such as films, sound and video recordings, radio and television programs. The 2025 observance marks the 20th anniversary of this day, with the theme "Your Window to the World."
- On 27 October 2025, India observed the 79th Infantry Day, commemorating the airlift of 1 SIKH Battalion to Srinagar in 1947 to repel Pakistan‑backed tribal invaders after Jammu & Kashmir’s accession to India. The day honors the bravery and sacrifice of the Infantry, the “Queen of Battle.”
- On 25 October 2025, Catherine Connolly, an independent left‑wing politician from Galway, was elected as the 10th President of Ireland, succeeding Michael D. Higgins. She won with 63% of first‑preference votes, defeating Heather Humphreys. Connolly became the third female president of Ireland.
- On October 21, 2025, Sri Lankan author Vajra Chandrasekera won the Ursula K. Le Guin Prize for Fiction for his novel Rakesfall. The $25,000 award honors imaginative fiction reflecting Le Guin’s ideals. Rakesfall follows two children of the Sri Lankan civil war across lifetimes, exploring war, trauma, and resilience. Chandrasekera is the first Sri Lankan to win this global literary honor.
Questions:
Q.1 According to the IMF's World Economic Outlook released on 25 October 2025, what is India's projected GDP growth for FY2025-26, positioning it as the fastest-growing major economy?a) 5.5%
b) 6.6%
c) 7.2%
d) 4.8%
Answer: b) Focuses on comparative economic indicators for analytical questions. At 6.6% (ahead of China's 4.8%), driven by domestic demand, reforms, and 7.8% Q1 FY26 growth.
Q.2 For which novel did Sri Lankan author Vajra Chandrasekera win the Ursula K. Le Guin Prize for Fiction on 21 October 2025?
a) The Book of Disquiet
b) Rakesfall
c) Midnight's Children
d) The God of Small Things
Answer: d) Sri Lankan author Vajra Chandrasekera won the Ursula K. Le Guin Prize for Fiction for his novel Rakesfall.
