- On 28 Sept 2025, Central Railway completed loco trials of KAVACH on the Panvel–Roha section, becoming the first zonal railway to finish trials across all five divisions within six months. KAVACH, India’s indigenous Automatic Train Protection system, prevents collisions, SPAD, and overspeeding with auto‑braking and SOS features.
.png "Current Affairs One - Liner : 2nd & 3rd October 2025")
- On 2 Oct 2025, Dussehra (Vijayadashami) was celebrated across India, marking Lord Rama’s victory over Ravana and Durga’s triumph over Mahishasura. Rituals included Ravana Dahan in North India, Durga Visarjan in Bengal, Ayudha Puja in South India, and Mysuru’s royal procession.
- Amazon Pay launched “Payments ka A to Z” on 1 Oct 2025 with Ayushmann Khurrana as brand face. The campaign unifies UPI, cards, wallet, Pay Later, bills & travel into one interface. It offers personalised rewards, smart payment recommendations, and bill management with auto‑pay. Positioned as India’s most complete digital payment solution.
- On 2 Oct 2025, Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav inaugurated Namo Van at Manesar, Haryana, during Wildlife Week 2025. The event included a plantation drive (Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam), launch of a 500‑acre green campaign, and an Aravalli species nursery. Several biodiversity publications were released, and contributors to conservation were honoured.
- On 2 Oct 2025, a Special Gram Sabha was held in 1 lakh tribal villages/Tolas under the Adi Karmayogi Abhiyan. Communities adopted the Tribal Village Vision 2030 Declaration, with Adi Sewa Kendras and the Adi Vaani App launched for service delivery. Over 20 lakh trained Adi Karmayogis facilitated participatory planning.
- On 1 Oct 2025, the Centre released ₹1,01,603 cr in advance tax devolution to states, ahead of the festive season. This is over and above the regular Oct 10 instalment, aimed at boosting capital spending and welfare. UP (₹18,227 cr), Bihar (₹10,219 cr), and MP (₹7,976 cr) were top recipients, while smaller states like Goa, Sikkim, and NE states also benefited.
- On 1 Oct 2025, FatakSecure (FatakPay’s insurance arm) received IRDAI approval for a Composite Corporate Agent License. This allows it to distribute life, health, motor, accident, corporate, and consumable insurance. The move targets gig workers, blue‑collar staff, and underserved households.
- Lal Bahadur Shastri Jayanti 2025 was observed on 2 October, marking his 121st birth anniversary. He was India’s 2nd Prime Minister (1964–66), remembered for the slogan “Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan.” Shastri led India during the 1965 Indo-Pak War and promoted the Green & White Revolutions.
- On 2 Oct 2025, the world observed the International Day of Non‑Violence, coinciding with Mahatma Gandhi’s 156th birth anniversary. Declared by the UN in 2007 on India’s initiative, the 2025 theme was “Fostering Global Solidarity Through Non‑Violence”. The day promotes Ahimsa and Satyagraha, urging peaceful conflict resolution. In India, it is marked as Gandhi Jayanti, with tributes at Raj Ghat and global UN events.
- On 1 Oct 2025, the world observed World Vegetarian Day, founded by NAVS (1977) and endorsed by IVU (1978). It marks the start of Vegetarian Awareness Month and promotes the health, environmental, and ethical benefits of vegetarianism. The 2025 theme was “Plant‑Powered Future: Health, Compassion, Sustainability”.
- On 1 Oct 2025, the world observed International Coffee Day, led by the International Coffee Organization (ICO). The 2025 theme was “Embracing Collaboration For Collective Action – More Than Ever”, stressing sustainability and farmer welfare. Events worldwide honoured coffee growers, roasters, and baristas, while in India, the Coffee Board hosted “Walk With Coffee” in Bengaluru to celebrate 100 years of the Central Coffee Research Institute (CCRI).
- Lt Gen Virendra Vats assumed charge as the 35th DG of NCC on 1 Oct 2025, succeeding Lt Gen Gurbirpal Singh. Commissioned into the 19 Kumaon Regiment (1988), he has 37 years of service with key roles in DSSC Wellington, Army HQ, and UN Congo mission. A decorated officer (AVSM, SM, VSM), he brings vast operational and leadership experience.
- On 3 Oct 2025, India received the ISSA Award for Outstanding Achievement in Social Security at the WSSF in Kuala Lumpur. Union Minister Mansukh Mandaviya accepted the award, crediting PM Modi’s vision of Antyodaya. India’s social security coverage rose from 19% (2015) to 64.3% (2025), benefiting 940+ million citizens.
- On 2 Sept 2025, journalist Harinder Baweja released her memoir “They Will Shoot You, Madam: My Life Through Conflict” (Roli Books). Launched in Delhi on 28 Sept, it recounts her four decades of reporting from Punjab, Kashmir, 26/11, Kargil, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. The title reflects the threats she faced in conflict zones.
- On 2 Oct 2025, senior socialist and freedom fighter Dr. G.G. Parikh (101) passed away in Mumbai. A participant in the Quit India Movement and jailed during the Emergency, he embodied Gandhian socialism.
- Pandit Chhannulal Mishra (1936–2025), legendary Hindustani classical vocalist, passed away on 2 Oct 2025 in Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, at the age of 89. An exponent of the Banaras and Kirana gharanas, he was renowned for Khayal, Thumri, Dadra, and Ramayan Katha recitals.
Questions:
Q.1 Which award did India receive at the World Social Security Forum in Kuala Lumpur on 3 October 2025?a) ISSA Award for Outstanding Achievement in Social Security
b) UN Social Security Excellence Award
c) Global Social Welfare Recognition
d) Sustainable Development Social Award
Answer: a) On 3 Oct 2025, India received the ISSA Award for Outstanding Achievement in Social Security at the WSSF in Kuala Lumpur.
Q.2 Journalist Harinder Baweja’s memoir, released in September 2025, is titled:
a) Reporting Across Borders
b) They Will Shoot You, Madam: My Life Through Conflict
c) Journalism in Conflict Zones
d) The Pen and the Battlefield
Answer: b) On 2 Sept 2025, journalist Harinder Baweja released her memoir “They Will Shoot You, Madam: My Life Through Conflict” (Roli Books).
