PM Modi Begins Three-Day Visit to South Africa for G20 Summit

Current Context: The 20th Group of Twenty (G20) Leaders’ Summit was held on 22–23 November 2025 at Johannesburg Expo Centre, Nasrec, South Africa.

• It was the first G20 Summit hosted in Africa, organised under the presidency of Government of South Africa.
• The Summit was chaired by President Cyril Ramaphosa of South Africa.
• Theme: “Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability” – highlighting priorities of the Global South.
• Aim: To promote inclusive and sustainable growth, address climate change, ensure debt relief for low-income nations, and regulate Artificial Intelligence (AI).
• Global Highlights: Leaders’ Declaration reaffirmed multilateral cooperation, Ubuntu philosophy (African concept of interconnectedness), and Africa’s rising role in global governance.
• India’s Role: Prime Minister Narendra Modi advocated for human-centric AI, sustainable development, and stronger India–South Africa ties in trade, critical minerals, digital public infrastructure, and wildlife cooperation (cheetah relocation project).
• The Summit marked a historic milestone in strengthening South–South cooperation and positioning emerging economies at the centre of global decision-making.

Question:

Q.1 What was the theme of the G20 Summit 2025?
a) Recover Together, Recover Stronger
b) One Earth, One Family, One Future
c) Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability
d) Building a Better World

Answer: c) Theme: “Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability” – highlighting priorities of the Global South.