India’s Indigenously Built Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor at Kalpakkam

April 08, 2026
Current Context: India’s indigenously built 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu achieved first criticality on April 6, 2026 at 8:25 PM, marking a historic leap in India’s nuclear programme.
India’s Indigenously Built Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor at Kalpakkam
  • Designed by IGCAR and operated by BHAVINI, the PFBR represents Stage II of India’s three-stage nuclear roadmap, moving from PHWRs to fast breeder technology.
  • This milestone makes India only the second country after Russia to operate a commercial-scale fast breeder reactor.
  • The PFBR is capable of generating more fuel than it consumes, strengthening India’s energy security and paving the way for thorium utilization in Stage III.
  • Leaders including Dr. Ajit Kumar Mohanty and senior officials witnessed the event, while PM Modi hailed it as a defining step in India’s civil nuclear journey.

Question:

Q.1 India became the second country after which nation to operate a commercial-scale fast breeder reactor?
a) USA
b) France
c) China
d) Russia

Answer: d) India only the second country after Russia to operate a commercial-scale fast breeder reactor.

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