Bombali: New strain of Ebola virus discovered in Sierra Leone

Researchers working in a joint US-West African study funded by US Aid, have discovered new strain of Ebola virus in bats in northern Bombali region of Sierra Leone.

• It has been named as Bombali virus strain, after the district where it was found.
• The Bombali virus is overall sixth known virus strain of Ebola virus.
• Others are Zaire, Sudan, Tai Forest, Bundibugyo and Reston.
• Ebola virus is a highly fatal haemorrhagic fever that is spread through contact with bodily fluids from infected persons and animals which include non-human primates, bats and forest antelope.
• Zaire strain of Ebola virus is the most deadly strain known.

About Bombali strain:

• The new Bombali strain of Ebola virus is distinct from its other virus strains.
• It is not yet known whether it could develop into the deadly disease.
• It is also not known that if Bombali virus has been transmitted to people or if it causes disease in people.
• However, results show that it has the potential to infect human cells.
• Further research will help in understanding more about the specific risks that it poses.

History:

• The finding of new strain of virus comes two years after end of worst-ever Ebola outbreak that killed more than 11,000 people in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
• The three West African neighbouring countries were hard hit by Ebola outbreak which began in Guinea in December 2013 before spreading to Liberia and Sierra Leone.
• The epidemic was declared over by World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2016 after claiming over 11,300 lives out of nearly 30,000 registered cases.
• The 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa was caused by Zaire virus, which was discovered in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), formerly Zaire in 1976.

Questions:

Q1. What has the new discovered strain of Ebola virus been named?
a. Dombali virus strain
b. Bombali virus strain
c. Tombali virus strain
d. None of the above

Q2. In which African country is the virus found?
a. South Sudan
b. Sierra Leone
c. Zaire
d. Liberia