‘NISAR’

Current Context: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) completed the development of NISAR (NASA-ISRO SAR), which is a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR).

• The NISAR is capable to produce high-resolution images and will be used for Joint Earth Observation Satellite Mission.
• The Joint Earth Observation Satellite Mission is a mission of ISRO and NASA.
• NISAR uses dual-frequency L and S-band for its application of earth observation.
• In 2014, India and the US had signed an agreement to jointly develop the world’s first earth observation satellite with two different radars. In this regards, ISRO achieved its role by developing S-Band SAR and shipping it to NASA in order to integrate with the L Band payload which is developed by NASA.
• After the integration process of radars, NASA will ship them to India where other accessories of the NISAR satellite will be developed and integrated.
• Then, ISRO will launch the NISAR satellite by using GSLV Mk-II from Sriharikota.
• As the satellite will be operated on two frequency bands, it will have the capability to collect data from day and night and in all weather conditions like cloudy days. It will be used to measure changes in the Earth’s surface than a centimetre across, which will help the scientist to study dynamic surfaces, ice masses like Himalayan glaciers, groundwater level and sea level.

Question: 

Q.1 ISRO has developed an S-Band NISAR satellite, which will be used for the Joint Earth Observation Satellite Mission of India and _____?
a. France
b. Russia
c. United States
d. Australia